Swift replacingOccurrences Regex: A Simple Way to Change Text

In Swift, working with strings is essential for almost any project. Handling string replacements is vital, whether you're cleaning up user input, modifying text files, or adjusting data before saving it to a database. One powerful feature that Swift offers is using regular expressions (regex) with the replacingOccurrences method.

In this blog, we'll dive deep into Swift replacingOccurrences regex capabilities, showing how to perform complex string replacements while handling multiple occurrences, customizing the range, and defining patterns.

Let's start by understanding how it works.

What is replacingOccurrences in Swift?

In Swift, the replacingOccurrences method is used to replace parts of a string that match a specific target. You can use this method to replace characters, words, or even larger portions of text in the original string. When combined with regular expressions (regex), this method becomes a powerful tool for pattern-based replacements, letting you solve complex tasks like replacing multiple occurrences of a given pattern across the entire string.

By using replacingOccurrences, you can match patterns in your swift string and replace those occurrences with a replacement string or substring. This method supports both literal target string replacement and regex-based replacements, making it versatile for a variety of use cases.

How to Use replacingOccurrences with Regex in Swift

Let's start by using the replacingOccurrences method in Swift to handle more advanced operations. This method belongs to the String class and allows you to perform replacements efficiently.

Basic Syntax

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1var originalString = "Swift is great!"
2let newString = originalString.replacingOccurrences(of: "great", with: "powerful")
3print(newString) // Output: Swift is powerful!

In this example, we are replacing the target string "great" with the replacement string "powerful". However, what if you want to make more complex replacements, such as replacing parts of the text based on a pattern? That's where regex comes in.

Using Regex with replacingOccurrences

Swift provides the ability to use regular expressions in the replacingOccurrences method, making it possible to match and replace substrings based on a pattern.

Here's how you can use regex with replacingOccurrences:

Regex Example: Replacing Digits

Let’s say you want to replace all the digits in a string with an asterisk (*).

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1import Foundation
2
3var originalString = "My phone number is 123-456-7890"
4let regexPattern = "\\d"
5let newString = originalString.replacingOccurrences(of: regexPattern, with: "*", options: .regularExpression)
6print(newString) // Output: My phone number is ***-***-****

In this example, the regex pattern \\d matches any digit (0-9), and we replace every occurrence of a digit with an asterisk using the replacingOccurrences method. The .regularExpression option allows Swift to recognize the pattern as a regex rather than a literal string.

Working with Multiple Replacements

You may also want to perform multiple replacements at once. Swift allows you to chain or loop through patterns and apply multiple regex-based replacements on the same string.

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1var originalString = "My email is example@example.com and my phone is 123-456-7890"
2var patternsAndReplacements = [
3    ("\\d", "*"),     // Replace digits
4    ("@example.com", "@domain.com") // Replace email domain
5]
6
7for (pattern, replacement) in patternsAndReplacements {
8    originalString = originalString.replacingOccurrences(of: pattern, with: replacement, options: .regularExpression)
9}
10print(originalString)
11// Output: My email is example@domain.com and my phone is ***-***-****

In this example, we perform multiple replacements on the same swift string, using a loop to iterate through each pattern and its corresponding replacement string.

String Extensions for Cleaner Code

If you're frequently performing replacements using regular expressions, it can be helpful to create a Swift string extension. This extension can streamline the syntax and improve code readability. Here’s how you can define a custom method in an extension of the String class:

Swift String Extension Example

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1extension String {
2    func replaceRegex(pattern: String, with replacement: String) -> String {
3        return self.replacingOccurrences(of: pattern, with: replacement, options: .regularExpression, range: nil)
4    }
5}
6
7var originalString = "The price is $123.45"
8let updatedString = originalString.replaceRegex(pattern: "\\d", with: "*")
9print(updatedString) // Output: The price is $***.**

This extension adds a method called replaceRegex to the swift string, making it easier to perform regex replacements. Here, you can reuse the function for different patterns by calling replaceRegex directly on any string.

Handling Substrings and Ranges in replacingOccurrences

Sometimes, you need to target specific parts of a swift string, such as replacing only a portion within a specific range. Swift’s RangeReplaceableCollection protocol provides more control over where and how the replacements occur.

Using a Range for Replacements

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1var originalString = "abcdefg"
2let range = originalString.startIndex..<originalString.index(originalString.startIndex, offsetBy: 3)
3let replacedString = originalString.replacingOccurrences(of: "a", with: "X", options: [], range: range)
4print(replacedString) // Output: Xbcdefg

In this example, the range is limited to the first three characters of the given string, ensuring that only a portion of the text is affected by the replacement.

Final Thoughts!

Using Swift replacingOccurrences regex effectively can significantly enhance your ability to manipulate strings. By understanding the power of regular expressions, you can handle multiple replacements, apply patterns to specific ranges, and even create string extensions for more streamlined code.