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Software Development Executive - II
Last updated on Nov 3, 2023
Last updated on Nov 2, 2023
Flutter is a renowned UI toolkit that helps developers create beautiful and fast user experiences for mobile, web, and desktop from a single codebase. In this article, we will focus on split view and navigation drawer widgets in Flutter. The primary feature, split drawers, allows for an efficient use of screen space, especially on larger screens or tablets where you may want to avoid a fullscreen modal drawer.
User Interface (UI) plays a vital role in deciding the success of a mobile application. The easier it is for the user to understand and navigate through the app, the better their overall experience will be. Widgets like a navigation drawer provide a structured layout for users to navigate through different pages within a single app.
1void main() { 2 runApp(const MyApp()); 3} 4 5class MyApp extends StatelessWidget { 6 const MyApp({Key? key}) : super(key: key); 7 8 @override 9 Widget build(BuildContext context) { 10 return MaterialApp( 11 title: 'My App', 12 theme: ThemeData( 13 primarySwatch: Colors.blue, 14 ), 15 home: const MyHomePage(title: 'My App Home Page'), 16 ); 17 } 18}
The above example demonstrates a simple MaterialApp initialization where you define your theme and specify the home or single page of the application.
Let's dive into more specific aspects of the Flutter UI: drawers and split views.
A Drawer is a panel that slides horizontally from the edge of a Scaffold to show navigation links in an application. It's one of the numerous widget types Flutter provides and significantly helps boost the user's experience.
To use a Drawer, you'll need to denote it in the Scaffold widget. The drawer sits above the body and beneath the AppBar. You'll need to arrange the widgets within the drawer programmatically, using widgets such as ListTile for easy customization.
1class MyApp extends StatelessWidget { 2 Widget build(BuildContext context) { 3 return Scaffold( 4 appBar: AppBar( 5 title: const Text('Drawer Demo'), 6 ), 7 drawer: Drawer( 8 child: ListView( 9 padding: EdgeInsets.zero, 10 children: const <Widget>[ 11 DrawerHeader( 12 decoration: BoxDecoration( 13 color: Colors.blue, 14 ), 15 child: Text( 16 'Drawer Header', 17 style: TextStyle( 18 color: Colors.white, 19 fontSize: 24, 20 ), 21 ), 22 ), 23 ListTile( 24 leading: Icon(Icons.message), 25 title: Text('Messages'), 26 ), 27 ListTile( 28 leading: Icon(Icons.account_circle), 29 title: Text('Profile'), 30 ), 31 ListTile( 32 leading: Icon(Icons.settings), 33 title: Text('Settings'), 34 ), 35 ], 36 ), 37 ), 38 body: Center( 39 child: const Text( 40 'Welcome to MyApp!', 41 style: TextStyle(fontSize: 24), 42 ), 43 ), 44 ); 45 } 46}
The DrawerHeader provides a convenient location to display user account details or branding. In this example, the drawer header shows a formatted text widget using const Text.
Split views are an effective way to manage screen space, especially on larger screens or tablets where dealing with fullscreen modal drawers may not be ideal. In simple terms, split view implementation breaks the screen into at least two parts: typically, one part for navigation (the drawer) and the other for displaying respective content.
In most cases, on smaller screens where creating a split view may not be feasible due to limited display space, we can transform our layout into a traditional navigation drawer that overlays the entire screen. On larger screens like tablets or desktop windows, we can establish a persistent navigation drawer that sits on the left side of the screen.
1Widget build(BuildContext context) { 2 var isLargeScreen = MediaQuery.of(context).size.width > 600; 3 4 return Scaffold( 5 appBar: AppBar( 6 title: const Text('Split View Demo'), 7 ), 8 body: isLargeScreen ? _largeScreenLayout() : _smallScreenLayout(), 9 ); 10}
In the above code, we determine if the screen size warrants a split view or a traditional view using MediaQuery. For larger screens, largeScreenLayout() would return a row of widgets for the split view (navigation drawer + content). For smaller screens, smallScreenLayout() would return a Scaffold with an expandable navigation drawer.
Let us break down the steps to draw a navigation drawer and split view in a Flutter application. This guide will assist you in making a drawer widget in your scaffold widget, ultimately enabling seamless navigation in the app.
1class MyApp extends StatelessWidget { 2 Widget build(BuildContext context) { 3 return Scaffold( 4 appBar: AppBar( 5 title: const Text('Drawer Demo'), 6 ), 7 drawer: Drawer( 8 child: ListView( 9 padding: EdgeInsets.zero, 10 children: const <Widget>[ 11 DrawerHeader( 12 decoration: BoxDecoration( 13 color: Colors.blue, 14 ), 15 child: const Text( 16 'Drawer Header', 17 style: TextStyle( 18 color: Colors.white, 19 fontSize: 24, 20 ), 21 )), 22 ListTile( 23 leading: Icon(Icons.message), 24 title: Text('Messages'), 25 onTap: () { 26 Navigator.pop(context); 27 }, 28 ), 29 // Add more ListTile widgets for other menu items 30 ], 31 ), 32 ), 33 body: Center( 34 child: const Text( 35 'Welcome to MyApp!', 36 style: TextStyle(fontSize: 24), 37 ), 38 ), 39 ); 40 } 41}
This code represents a basic outline of how you can create a drawer programmatically in a Scaffold widget. The drawer consists of ListTile widgets representing various menu items wrapped inside a ListView for scrolling capability.
With a functioning drawer in place, creating a split-view layout is a straightforward process. Here's a simple example:
1Widget _largeScreenLayout() { 2 return Row( 3 children: <Widget>[ 4 Container( 5 width: 300, 6 child: _myDrawer, 7 ), 8 Container( 9 width: MediaQuery.of(context).size.width - 300, 10 child: _myContent, 11 ), 12 ], 13 ); 14}
In this code, myDrawer and myContent have previously defined widgets constituting the drawer and the content window. The separator is simply a width-defined Container widget. Depending on the screen's width, the function provides different views to accommodate the screen size best.
Understanding the flexibility and use cases of split views and drawers can help you effectively implement this feature in your Flutter applications. From enhancing user navigation to creating more interactive experiences, here's how you can benefit from Flutter's UI toolkit.
A robust navigation system is a cornerstone of user-friendly mobile apps. Using navigation drawers and split views, you can ensure users never lose their way. The navigation drawer can hold links to different pages of your app, and with the final widget (the content window) in your split view, users can view these different pages without losing sight of their navigation menu.
Split view is especially effective with a large screen layout—like tablets or desktops. This layout eliminates needing a full-screen navigation menu whenever users need to transverse your app. Instead, it keeps the navigation drawer on the left side of the screen while the right side is used for content display, making it easy for users to switch between different pages.
The split view approach is a massive boost for the User Interface and User Experience in Flutter apps. Implementing this layout shows users a broader scale of what they can do within the app while keeping the UI clean. Also, efficient navigation adds to the overall app prowess, thus giving users endless reasons to continue using your app.
1ListTile( 2 leading: Icon(Icons.message), 3 title: Text('Messages'), 4 onTap: () { 5 Navigator.pop(context); 6 }, 7)
The onPressed or onTap method in a ListTile widget will usually change the displayed page in the split view or pop the drawer programmatically after selection on smaller screens, hence providing a smooth navigation experience.
This is how split and navigation drawers improve the users' navigation experience while ensuring efficient use of screen space.
While implementing split views and navigation drawers in Flutter, certain best practices can ensure efficient, interactive, and user-friendly navigation. Here are a few to consider:
Ensure your navigation drawer's design is consistent with the rest of your app for a cohesive user experience. Flutter provides the DrawerHeader widget where you can design a custom header, maybe having your app's branding or user's account details.
Your Flutter app should offer a responsive layout. This means adjusting the layout based on the screen size or orientation. On smaller screens, you might provide a traditional navigation drawer that overlays the screen, invoked by tapping a menu icon. On larger screens, you may provide a persistent navigation drawer that sits on the left side of the screen. In Flutter, you can listen to MediaQuery to get screen size information.
Consider a detachable navigation drawer for comfort and flexibility, especially on large screens. When a user detaches the drawer, you could provide a draggable edge to resize the drawer's width.
1Scaffold( 2 appBar: AppBar(title: const Text('App with Drawer')), 3 drawer: MyFancyDrawer(), 4 body: Center(child: const Text('Press the button to show the drawer!')), 5)
Above is a simple example of using the navigation drawer widget in a scaffold widget. In general, the Scaffold widget makes it easy to assemble common app layouts.
Using icons with accompanying texts in your drawer's ListTile makes it easier for users to understand. This can significantly improve user experiences.
When a user chooses a menu item, the navigation drawer should disappear, and the user should be brought to the chosen page. An intuitive approach is to close the drawer programmatically using Navigator.pop(context) when a menu item is selected.
Applying these practices will help ensure your navigation drawer and split views are user-friendly, enhance your application's aesthetics, and boost overall user experience.
While Flutter offers built-in capabilities to create split views and drawers, several packages can simplify development and provide additional features. Here are a few worth noting:
The flutter_inner_drawer package adds an extra layer of interactivity to your Flutter app. It lets you create a swipe-able inner drawer that can be added to either side of the screen.
The responsive_scaffold package is great for introducing responsive design to your app. This package would help you manage different screen sizes and orientations when implementing a split view, ensuring the design is aesthetically pleasing and functional across multiple devices.
flutter_platform_widgets is a useful package for maintaining platform-specific UI elements while sharing codebases. If you plan to develop apps for multiple platforms, this package helps achieve consistent looks and feels.
1return PlatformScaffold( 2 iosContentPadding: true, 3 iosContentBottomPadding: true, 4 appBar: PlatformAppBar( 5 title: const Text('Example App'), 6 ), 7 body: PlatformWidget( 8 ios: (_, __) => const Text('iOS Version'), 9 android: (_, __) => const Text('Android Version'), 10 ), 11);
This example shows how to use flutter_platform_widgets to create platform-specific app scaffold and widgets.
The flutter_advanced_drawer package provides a highly customizable drawer implementation, supporting modern features like blur-effect, drawer scaling, drawer slide animation, and more.
Always remember to use the latest version of these packages to enjoy the most recent features and improvements. Also, read through the documentation for each package for a better understanding of how to leverage their functionalities effectively.
Through Flutter's versatile UI toolkit, creating interactive user interfaces becomes a more manageable task. This article explored the implementation of split views and navigation drawers in Flutter—powerful tools that help build intuitive navigation systems in your apps, enhance user experience, and optimize screen space use.
We covered the significance of UI, understanding drawers in Flutter, devising split view, detailed steps for implementation, use cases, and best practices. With Flutter's growing community, we also have packages that can ease the task further.
To fulfil your application's potential, always consider your end-users and the diversity of devices they use. The responsive layout should be a core feature of your application, ensuring it appears consistent across varying screen dimensions.
The power of split drawers and detailed navigation layouts lies in how they are designed and implemented. So, explore, create, and optimize.
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